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General profile: Poland

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2023
Exchange rate
Population
Population
Exchange rates
GDP
GDP
38.763 Millions
..
809 678 Millions current US$
Land area¹
Land area
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(q) 306 130 km²
11.42 %
0.31 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
+5.8 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2023
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2023
Merchandise exports
89 437
159 724
199 124
381 517
Merchandise imports
101 639
178 049
196 473
370 076
Merchandise trade balance
-12 201
-18 325
2 651
11 441
Export structure by product group in 2023
(as % of total exports)
8 %8 %77 %77 %15 %15 %
Top 5 partners in 2023
(exports, millions of US$)
98 73722 26821 86017 53316 23398 73722 26821 86017 53316 233
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2023
Services exports
18 149
34 839
44 300
108 004
Services imports
14 946
29 745
32 049
65 156
Services trade balance
3 203
5 094
12 251
42 848
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2023
Transport
29.5
23.9
25.6
27.7
Travel
34.7
27.1
23.2
13.9
Other services
25.8
(e) 41.9
40.7
-
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
140134134123120115110104100928679787466716760101979810199989910010098989799102104101103102
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+0.3 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2023
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2023
GDP, current
306 146
475 697
477 111
809 678
GDP per capita, current US$
8 030
12 487
12 468
20 888
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
3.51
2.93
4.38
0.31
Current account balance, % of GDP
-3.31
-5.18
-1.29
1.55
Exchange rate (/US$)
3.235
3.015
3.770
..
GDP by expenditure in 2022
(as % of total GDP)
57.918.322.462.761.257.918.322.462.761.2
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+1.3 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2023
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2023
FDI inflows
8 203.22
12 796.27
15 270.83
28 685.34
FDI outflows
1 346.74
6 147.18
4 995.54
10 402.75
Personal remittances, % of GDP
2.38
1.62
1.43
..
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
6 399.07 132.06 727.07 063.07 603.07 305.06 763.06 835.07 468.07 457.07 041.07 768.07 712.010 214.012 321.011 975.09 563.07 283.028 68531 47029 23515 19513 51015 9969 17215 69015 27114 2693 62512 42415 92512 79610 03912 28319 83614 5778 20312 1403 9824 0305 5799 445FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2023
Balance, % of GDP
-1.26
-2.46
2.08
6.13
Balance, % of imports
-3.52
-5.78
4.59
11.82
Normalized balance
-0.018
-0.030
0.022
0.056
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
110124112100103103101989393918988837581817871
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2023
(% of population)
Urban 60%Urban 60%Rural 40%Rural 40%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.005 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2023
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2023
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
101
131
117
103
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
1 050 345
1 860 908
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2023
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
4.02
9.63
8.12
..
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
8.05
9.81
9.79
..
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
..
..
3.95
..
Source: UN Trade and Development, UNCTADstat (https://unctadstat.unctad.org/datacentre)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
e
Estimated.
q
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
No value reported or collected
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on the UNCTAD Data Hub do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in the UNCTAD Data Hub.
Generation date: 11 October 2024