General profile: Germany

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2021
Population
Population
Exchange rates
Exchange rate
GDP
GDP
83.409 Millions
0.845 EUR/US$
4 227 730 Millions current US$
Land area
Land area¹
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(q) 349 390 km²
3.21 %
2.90 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
+18.0 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2021
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Merchandise exports
970 914
1 258 924
1 326 206
1 631 931
Merchandise imports
777 073
1 054 814
1 051 132
1 420 129
Merchandise trade balance
193 842
204 110
275 074
211 802
Export structure by product group in 2021
(as % of total exports)
8 %8 %87 %87 %6 %6 %
Top 5 partners in 2021
(exports, millions of US$)
144 704123 673120 545108 13391 693144 704123 673120 545108 13391 693
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Services exports
(e) 166 093
225 234
280 657
(e) 377 236
Services imports
209 354
263 537
302 006
(e) 381 033
Services trade balance
(e) -43 261
-38 303
-21 349
(e) -3 797
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Transport
22.5
24.8
20.2
(e) 21.0
Travel
17.5
15.4
13.2
(e) 5.9
Other services
55.0
56.1
61.3
(e) 66.7
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
9793102104104103100959190918879919388828175727067991021009910010210097959394969993969698101103102100100
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+2.9 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2021
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2021
GDP, current
2 845 732
3 396 354
3 356 236
4 227 730
GDP per capita, current US$
35 041
41 763
40 893
50 687
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
0.73
4.18
1.49
2.90
Current account balance, % of GDP
4.68
5.78
8.60
7.43
Exchange rate (/US$)
0.804
0.754
0.901
0.845
GDP by expenditure in 2020
(as % of total GDP)
50.722.421.143.437.750.722.421.143.437.7
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+3.6 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2021
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2021
FDI inflows
47 449.80
65 642.99
30 540.88
31 266.81
FDI outflows
74 543.07
125 450.81
99 025.19
151 689.96
Personal remittances, % of GDP
0.24
0.38
0.46
..
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
17 898.818 271.016 887.715 688.315 197.515 578.117 075.416 395.714 637.015 337.112 788.812 344.810 973.79 767.57 484.16 863.96 515.55 748.44 653.63 883.03 603.531 26764 58952 66572 09848 64115 63330 541-3 20412 77728 18167 51465 64323 8068 12780 21255 65547 450-10 19232 37753 52226 402198 279FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Balance, % of GDP
(e) 5.32
5.15
7.58
(e) 5.29
Balance, % of imports
(e) 16.20
13.84
19.25
(e) 12.64
Normalized balance
(e) 0.075
0.065
0.088
(e) 0.059
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
8981888887858685858685807282807871
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2021
(% of population)
Urban 78%Urban 78%Rural 22%Rural 22%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.368 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2021
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2021
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
9 381
17 570
12 560
7 871
Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum 2006 = 100 for China)
..
78.52
82.99
84.07
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
14 674 340
19 238 700
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
7.90
5.28
4.65
5.04
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
11.50
9.54
8.44
8.41
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
..
(r) 4.12
4.06
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
e
Estimated.
q
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
r
Number of persons employed in full time equivalent units.Total business economy includes repair of computers, personal and household goods; except financial and insurance activities.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
Not available or not separately reported
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 20 October 2022