General profile: Estonia

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2021
Population
Population
Exchange rates
Exchange rate
GDP
GDP
1.329 Millions
0.845 EUR/US$
35 728 Millions current US$
Land area
Land area¹
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(q) 42 750 km²
4.49 %
6.75 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
+31.5 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2021
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Merchandise exports
7 716
11 591
12 836
21 518
Merchandise imports
10 238
12 287
14 521
23 609
Merchandise trade balance
-2 523
-696
-1 685
-2 091
Export structure by product group in 2021
(as % of total exports)
4 %4 %63 %63 %17 %17 %7 %7 %9 %9 %
Top 5 partners in 2021
(exports, millions of US$)
3 0962 1381 9961 9401 4283 0962 1381 9961 9401 428
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Services exports
3 473
4 734
5 862
9 943
Services imports
2 257
2 946
3 987
8 259
Services trade balance
1 216
1 788
1 876
1 684
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Transport
36.9
39.4
31.8
29.3
Travel
28.0
22.7
25.5
6.4
Other services
25.2
34.7
36.5
57.8
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
1331211161171091051001031041041058468798181685558535249101103101101101102100100101100102104105100103100101104105106109107
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+6.8 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2021
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2021
GDP, current
14 104
19 535
22 882
35 728
GDP per capita, current US$
10 412
14 671
17 405
26 889
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
9.53
2.44
1.85
6.75
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.64
1.74
1.76
-1.75
Exchange rate (/US$)
0.804
0.754
0.901
0.845
GDP by expenditure in 2020
(as % of total GDP)
49.821.330.271.270.749.821.330.271.270.7
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+4.3 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2021
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2021
FDI inflows
2 799.17
1 508.54
35.51
989.19
FDI outflows
662.83
167.13
182.10
1 547.23
Personal remittances, % of GDP
1.81
1.81
1.98
..
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
506.6543.1570.4505.1486.5457.3543.9564.8460.7438.7357.1340.1416.3381.3392.19893 3953 1841 5171 9511 059366857711 5651 0051 5091 8391 8302 3111 3342 799957928289539391FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Balance, % of GDP
-5.05
6.40
3.93
0.33
Balance, % of imports
-7.17
9.34
5.35
0.41
Normalized balance
-0.037
0.045
0.026
0.002
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
163142144146148151151160166170168144117137134137136
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2021
(% of population)
Urban 69%Urban 69%Rural 31%Rural 31%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.004 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2021
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2021
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
164
99
68
83
Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum 2006 = 100 for China)
..
9.40
8.23
8.63
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
152 000
208 700
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
17.04
7.95
11.91
9.80
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
13.04
9.64
11.21
7.60
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
..
(r) 4.81
5.36
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
q
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
r
Number of persons employed in full time equivalent units.Total business economy includes repair of computers, personal and household goods; except financial and insurance activities.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
Not available or not separately reported
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 20 October 2022