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General profile: Estonia

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2022
Exchange rate
Population
Population
Exchange rates
GDP
GDP
1.326 Millions
0.950 EUR/US$
38 906 Millions current US$
Land area¹
Land area
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(q) 42 750 km²
19.45 %
0.80 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
+4.0 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2022
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Merchandise exports
7 716
11 591
12 836
22 405
Merchandise imports
10 238
12 287
14 521
26 228
Merchandise trade balance
-2 523
-696
-1 685
-3 823
Export structure by product group in 2022
(as % of total exports)
3 %3 %60 %60 %19 %19 %7 %7 %11 %11 %
Top 5 partners in 2022
(exports, millions of US$)
3 2493 1372 0501 3851 3673 2493 1372 0501 3851 367
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Services exports
3 473
4 734
5 862
11 420
Services imports
2 257
2 946
3 987
8 826
Services trade balance
1 216
1 788
1 876
2 594
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Transport
36.9
39.4
31.8
25.3
Travel
28.0
22.7
25.5
11.6
Other services
25.2
34.7
36.5
58.1
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
1331211161171091051001031041041058468798181685558535249101103101101101102100100101100102104105100103100101104105106109107
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+0.8 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2022
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2022
GDP, current
14 104
19 535
22 882
38 906
GDP per capita, current US$
10 412
14 671
17 405
29 339
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
9.53
2.44
1.85
0.80
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.64
1.74
1.76
-2.84
Exchange rate (/US$)
0.804
0.754
0.901
0.950
GDP by expenditure in 2021
(as % of total GDP)
48.119.830.378.378.748.119.830.378.378.7
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+2.2 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2022
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2022
FDI inflows
2 799.17
1 508.54
110.96
1 205.12
FDI outflows
662.83
167.13
276.96
874.23
Personal remittances, % of GDP
1.81
1.83
2.00
..
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
580.3506.6541.9570.4505.1486.5457.3543.9564.8460.7438.7357.1340.1416.3381.3392.1254.61 205-8323 4193 0831 4261 2771 0331115537711 5651 0051 5091 8391 8302 3111 3342 799957928289539391FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Balance, % of GDP
-5.05
6.40
3.93
-0.55
Balance, % of imports
-7.17
9.34
5.35
-0.65
Normalized balance
-0.037
0.045
0.026
-0.003
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
168157138144146148151151160166170168144117137134137136
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2022
(% of population)
Urban 70%Urban 70%Rural 30%Rural 30%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.004 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2022
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2022
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
164
99
68
82
Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum 2006 = 100 for China)
..
9.40
8.23
10.56
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
-
209 154
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
16.98
7.95
11.91
7.28
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
13.00
9.64
11.21
6.13
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
..
(r) 4.81
5.36
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
q
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
r
Number of persons employed in full time equivalent units.Total business economy includes repair of computers, personal and household goods; except financial and insurance activities.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
Not available or not separately reported
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 21 September 2023