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General profile: Estonia

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2024
Exchange rate
Population
Population
Exchange rates
GDP
GDP
1.361 Millions
0.923 EUR/US$
42 476 Millions current US$
Land area¹
Land area
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(u) 42 750 km²
..
-1.00 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
-4.1 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2024
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Merchandise exports
7 716
11 591
12 836
18 832
Merchandise imports
10 238
12 287
14 521
22 434
Merchandise trade balance
-2 523
-696
-1 685
-3 602
Export structure by product group in 2024
(as % of total exports)
3 %3 %67 %67 %8 %8 %7 %7 %15 %15 %
Top 5 partners in 2024
(exports, millions of US$)
3 0082 1171 6901 5361 3913 0082 1171 6901 5361 391
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Services exports
3 473
4 734
5 862
13 517
Services imports
2 257
2 946
3 993
10 345
Services trade balance
1 216
1 788
1 869
3 173
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Transport
36.9
39.4
31.8
20.9
Travel
28.0
22.7
25.4
12.1
Other services
25.2
34.7
36.6
61.4
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
981031171251161121141071041001041051061088872838686991009810110310010010010110010110110010310310310010294
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
-1.0 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2024
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2024
GDP, current
14 107
19 536
23 312
42 476
GDP per capita, current US$
10 412
14 673
17 733
31 220
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
9.52
2.45
1.84
-1.00
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.63
1.74
1.46
-1.36
Exchange rate (/US$)
0.804
0.755
0.901
0.923
GDP by expenditure in 2023
(as % of total GDP)
53.720.527.777.977.053.720.527.777.977.0
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+1.7 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2024
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2024
FDI inflows
2 799.17
1 508.54
88.44
783.21
FDI outflows
662.83
167.13
254.45
740.54
Personal remittances, % of GDP
1.80
1.83
1.96
1.17
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
496.3487.3470.1589.9506.8541.9570.4505.1486.5457.3543.9564.8460.7438.7357.1340.1416.3381.3392.1254.6166.97834 6171 2031113 6053 0951 4701 2871 023885537711 5651 0051 5091 8391 8302 3111 3342 799957928289539391FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Balance, % of GDP
-5.05
6.40
3.56
0.34
Balance, % of imports
-7.17
9.34
4.92
0.45
Normalized balance
-0.037
0.045
0.024
0.002
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
153155174160137140143145148148158165168167144117137134137136
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2024
(% of population)
Urban 70%Urban 70%Rural 30%Rural 30%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.004 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2024
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2024
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
164
99
68
84
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
-
209 154
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
16.89
7.89
11.88
8.38
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
12.38
9.55
11.13
7.98
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
..
3.09
3.60
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
u
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
No value reported or collected
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 02 December 2025