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General profile: Romania

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2022
Exchange rate
Population
Population
Exchange rates
GDP
GDP
19.659 Millions
4.688 RON/US$
298 477 Millions current US$
Land area¹
Land area
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(q) 230 080 km²
13.80 %
4.30 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
+10.7 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2022
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Merchandise exports
27 688
49 579
60 595
96 707
Merchandise imports
40 518
62 109
69 824
132 491
Merchandise trade balance
-12 831
-12 530
-9 229
-35 784
Export structure by product group in 2022
(as % of total exports)
4 %4 %75 %75 %8 %8 %13 %13 %
Top 5 partners in 2022
(exports, millions of US$)
19 2029 7457 0885 8153 76319 2029 7457 0885 8153 763
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Services exports
(e) 9 668
(e) 10 380
19 058
38 918
Services imports
(e) 5 498
(e) 8 396
11 493
25 548
Services trade balance
(e) 4 170
(e) 1 984
7 565
13 370
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Transport
17.1
24.9
31.4
27.4
Travel
10.9
10.9
9.7
12.4
Other services
24.3
48.8
41.8
50.9
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
111103112112110106100959081847663686356514739363128991009998981001009899991009998979899979894939191
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+4.3 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2022
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2022
GDP, current
98 454
170 029
177 884
298 477
GDP per capita, current US$
4 668
8 361
8 936
15 182
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
4.67
-3.90
3.16
4.30
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.67
-4.99
-0.78
-9.37
Exchange rate (/US$)
2.914
3.178
4.006
4.688
GDP by expenditure in 2021
(as % of total GDP)
62.317.425.940.846.562.317.425.940.846.5
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+0.4 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2022
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2022
FDI inflows
6 152.30
2 997.17
3 840.47
11 272.95
FDI outflows
-39.80
-50.06
562.43
1 134.84
Personal remittances, % of GDP
..
..
3.03
2.90
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
8 659.89 115.87 625.78 142.06 984.06 555.75 929.85 391.45 083.511 27310 5743 4325 7916 2195 4195 0003 8403 2163 6023 1992 3632 9974 66513 4929 73310 8586 1526 4362 1961 1411 1581 057FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Balance, % of GDP
(e) -10.23
(e) -6.52
-0.82
-6.94
Balance, % of imports
(e) -29.46
(e) -17.10
-1.95
-13.80
Normalized balance
(e) -0.173
(e) -0.093
-0.010
-0.074
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
948778848687868483817676705966646259
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2022
(% of population)
Urban
54%Urban 54%Rural
46%Rural 46%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.003 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2022
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2022
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
481
244
78
76
Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum 2006 = 100 for China)
..
19.22
25.04
27.34
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
556 694
689 012
772 046
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2022
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
2.15
8.39
3.66
2.83
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
6.74
9.30
7.28
6.96
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
3.00
(r) 3.56
4.60
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
e
Estimated.
q
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
r
Number of persons employed in full time equivalent units.Total business economy includes repair of computers, personal and household goods; except financial and insurance activities.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
Not available or not separately reported
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 21 December 2023