General profile: Romania

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2021
Population
Population
Exchange rates
Exchange rate
GDP
GDP
19.329 Millions
4.160 RON/US$
281 433 Millions current US$
Land area
Land area¹
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(q) 230 080 km²
5.05 %
5.45 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
+23.6 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2021
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Merchandise exports
27 688
49 579
60 595
87 384
Merchandise imports
40 518
62 109
69 824
116 228
Merchandise trade balance
-12 831
-12 530
-9 229
-28 843
Export structure by product group in 2021
(as % of total exports)
4 %4 %80 %80 %4 %4 %13 %13 %
Top 5 partners in 2021
(exports, millions of US$)
18 1539 2335 6475 0123 52218 1539 2335 6475 0123 522
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Services exports
9 668
10 380
19 058
33 015
Services imports
5 498
8 396
11 493
21 699
Services trade balance
4 170
1 984
7 565
11 315
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Transport
17.1
24.9
31.4
27.2
Travel
10.9
10.9
9.7
10.1
Other services
24.3
48.8
41.8
52.5
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
111103112112110106100959081847663686356514739363128991009998981001009899991009998979899979894939191
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+5.4 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2021
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2021
GDP, current
98 454
166 309
177 731
281 433
GDP per capita, current US$
4 668
8 178
8 928
14 560
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
4.67
-3.90
2.95
5.45
Current account balance, % of GDP
-8.67
-5.10
-0.79
-7.02
Exchange rate (/US$)
2.914
3.178
4.006
4.160
GDP by expenditure in 2020
(as % of total GDP)
61.118.924.537.341.761.118.924.537.341.7
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
0 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2021
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2021
FDI inflows
6 152.30
2 997.17
3 840.47
8 610.35
FDI outflows
-39.80
-50.06
562.43
-30.75
Personal remittances, % of GDP
..
..
3.03
..
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
7 446.98 142.06 984.06 555.75 929.85 391.45 083.58 6103 4325 7916 2195 4195 0003 8403 2163 6023 1992 3632 9974 66513 4929 73310 8586 1526 4362 1961 1411 1581 057FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Balance, % of GDP
-10.23
-6.66
-0.82
-5.71
Balance, % of imports
-29.46
-17.10
-1.95
-12.17
Normalized balance
-0.173
-0.093
-0.010
-0.065
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
8879858787858483818080715966646259
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2021
(% of population)
Urban 54%Urban 54%Rural 46%Rural 46%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.004 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2021
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2021
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
481
244
78
79
Liner shipping connectivity index (maximum 2006 = 100 for China)
..
19.22
25.04
26.66
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
557 000
699 000
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2021
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
2.15
8.39
3.66
3.04
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
6.74
9.30
7.28
7.17
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
3.00
(r) 3.56
4.60
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
q
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
r
Number of persons employed in full time equivalent units.Total business economy includes repair of computers, personal and household goods; except financial and insurance activities.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
Not available or not separately reported
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 20 October 2022