Environnement et commerce associé

Data insights

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The intersection of international trade and environmental sustainability has become increasingly important in shaping global economic policies. The trade of goods that impact natural ecosystems plays a crucial role in either preserving or degrading our planet’s resources. This collection of thematic insights explores key areas where trade and the environment intersect, shedding light on the dynamics of environmentally related trade

Europe has been the largest biodiversity-based products’ exporter globally, followed by Asia and Oceania and Americas

Biodiversity-based products’ exports by region, billions of dollars

UN Trade and Development, UNCTADstat.

See metadata.

The global value of exports of biodiversity-based goods reached $3.797 trillion in 2023, down from $3.876 in 2022. This trade showed resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, growing until 2022 and recording a moderate slowdown in 2023.

Despite a moderate downturn, Europe continued to lead exports of biodiversity-based products, totaling $1.823 trillion in 2023, accounting for almost half of global biodiversity-based products’ exports in that year, followed by Asia and Oceania with 28% and Americas with 21%. In African countries, exports of biodiversity-based products were almost the same, reaching $95.51 billion and representing 3% of global exports of such products. 

Data updated on 12 Sep 2025

Metadonnées

Trade flows and indicators showcased in the database cover all trade in biological resources, even if goods are produced without proper sustainability considerations (in short: biotrade), rather than BioTrade or even certified sustainable trade in biodiversity-based goods more generally. In fact, great efforts would be required to enable systematic data collection, particularly on trade, for certified sustainable goods that is comprehensive as well as comparable at a regional and/or global level. This is due to numerous reasons, including issues such as the proliferation of voluntary standards as well as standard-setting organizations across the globe, lack of harmonized trade-data on certified goods in general, or the confidential and sensitive nature of certain types of data.

Full metadata are available in our Data Centre for Trade and Biodiversity - Trade in thousands of dollars.

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