Économie, investissement et finance

Data insights

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Economic, investment and financial data provide vital measurements of economies' health, overall development and capacity for growth. This collection of thematic insights explores critical dimensions of national accounts, economic potential and price signals.

How important is trade in goods and services for economies?

Trade openness index, 2024, percentage of GDP

UN Trade and Development, UNCTADstat.

This index reflects the degree of trade openness by comparing the combined value of exports and imports of goods and services to GDP.

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In 2024, trade openness, defined as the sum of exports and imports of goods and services relative to GDP, was highest in small, highly integrated economies, reflecting their dependence on international markets. Luxembourg led at 389% of GDP, followed by Hong Kong (China) at 360% and Singapore at 322%. By contrast, major economies recorded much lower ratios: China at 38%, Japan at 47%, and the United States at just 25%, highlighting the larger role of domestic demand in their output.

Data updated on 9 avr 2026

Exports increase in developing economies and Least Developed Countries, with services driving growth

Exports of goods and services, billions of dollars

UN Trade and Development, UNCTADstat.

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In 2024, exports of goods and services from developing economies increased by 6.7% to $13.4 trillion. Goods exports rose by 5.7% to $10.7 trillion, while services exports grew by 11.4% to $2.7 trillion, continuing the post-pandemic expansion in services trade.

In Least Developed Countries, total exports grew by 8.4%, reaching $329.7 billion. Goods exports increased by 7.8% to $277.6 billion, and services exports rose by 11.5% to $52.1 billion, extending the upward trend observed in recent years.

Data updated on 9 avr 2026

Developing and developed economies record larger trade surpluses in 2024

Balances in trade of goods and services, billions of dollars

UN Trade and Development, UNCTADstat.

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Developing economies maintained a substantial trade surplus in goods and services in 2024, rising to $855 billion from $706 billion in 2023. This increase was driven by a larger goods surplus, which expanded from $841 billion to $935 billion, while the services trade deficit narrowed to $81 billion.

Developed economies recorded a trade surplus of $174 billion, more than double the $79 billion registered in 2023. The increase reflected a strong services surplus of $854 billion, which offset a persistent goods deficit of $681 billion.

Data updated on 9 avr 2026

Metadonnées

The statistics presented correspond to the concepts and definitions of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, Sixth Edition (BPM6), except those countries and territories who present their figures according to the fifth edition of the Manual (BPM5).

For full metadata are available in our Data Centre for Trade openness.

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