Maritime profile: Türkiye

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2023

Population

GDP

Merchandise trade¹

87.271 Millions

1 118 253 Millions current US$

617 594 Millions current US$

Land area²

GDP growth

Transport services trade³

(p) 769 630 Km²

5.11 %

150 793 Millions current US$

MARITIME KEY FIGURES FOR 2023

Coast/area ratio²

Ship building⁴

Ship recycling⁴

10.6 m/km²

79 032 GT

529 805 GT

Fleet - National flag⁵

Fleet - Ownership⁶

6 667 Thousands DWT

1 181 ships

37 948 Thousands DWT

Number of port calls⁹

Container port throughput⁷

Number of seafarers⁸

12 554 581 TEU

(m) 28 587

184 015

WORLD SHARES FOR 2023

INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE

+0.6 %

Merchandise exports growth rate in 2023

Total merchandise trade

(millions of US$)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Merchandise exports

73 476

113 883

150 982

255 627

Merchandise imports

116 774

185 544

213 619

361 967

Merchandise trade balance

-43 298

-71 661

-62 637

-106 339

Export structure by product group in 2023

(as % of total exports)

Top 5 partners in 2023

(exports, millions of US$)

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN TRANSPORT SERVICES

-1.1 %

Transport services exports growth rate in 2023

Services exports by main category¹⁰

(as % of total services)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Transport

18.2

25.8

31.7

34.4

Travel

69.0

62.0

53.4

48.7

Other services

12.8

12.2

12.8

13.5

Total trade in transport services¹⁰

(millions of US$)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Transport services exports

5 076

9 417

19 689

34 958

Transport services imports

5 146

8 078

5 274

18 090

Transport services trade balance

-70

1 339

14 415

16 868

NATIONAL FLEET

+8.9 %

Fleet growth rate in 2023

Carrying capacity by type of ship⁵

(Thousands DWT)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Total fleet

7 048.0

7 878.0

8 557.0

6 667.2

Oil tankers

959.0

1 693.6

1 295.2

1 764.4

Bulk carriers

4 087.0

3 357.7

4 235.3

1 841.1

General cargo

1 565.0

2 011.5

1 610.4

841.2

Container ships

290.0

572.9

749.1

930.0

Other types of ships

147.0

242.3

667.1

1 290.5

Fleet by type of ship⁵

(Number of ships)

LINER SHIPPING CONNECTIVITY

Bilateral connectivity index - Top 10 partners in Q1 2006¹¹

Can only take values between 0 (minimum) and 1 (maximum)

Liner shipping connectivity index¹¹

Average Q1 2023=100

PORT CALLS AND PERFORMANCE

Port calls, time spent in ports, vessel age and size in 2023⁹

Number of arrivals

Median time
in port (days)

Avg age
of vessels

Avg size (GT)
of vessels

Avg cargo
carrying
capacity (DWT)
per vessel

Avg container
carrying
capacity (TEU)
per container ship

Maximum size (GT) of vessels

All ships

184 015

1.26

6 351

17 701

2 815

236 080

Liquid bulk carriers

9 029

1.32

18 853

31 913

169 919

Liquefied petroleum gas carriers

841

1.35

16 825

19 772

52 506

Liquefied natural gas carriers

144

1.23

110 239

88 732

130 200

Dry bulk carriers

5 269

3.68

24 363

42 005

150 918

Dry breakbulk carriers

20 656

1.48

4 524

6 361

66 870

Roll-on/ roll-off ships

4 369

25 299

9 893

76 299

Container ships

12 555

0.65

30 488

2 815

236 080

Passenger ships

131 152

1 931

167 704

Port liner shipping connectivity index - Top 5 ports in 2023¹¹

Average Q1 2023=100

Source: Detailed data sources are available in the documentation of the corresponding tables in the Data Center (https://unctadstat.unctad.org/datacentre/). A link to these tables is provided in each section of the profile.


	Notes:
	1	Sum of exports and imports.
	2	Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters. Coastline length based on data calculated in 2000 from the World Vector Shoreline database at 1:250,000 scale.
	3	Sum of exports and imports. Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, 2009 (BPM6, 2009).
	4	Propelled seagoing merchant vessels of 100 GT and above. Source: Clarksons Research (https://www.clarksons.com/services/research/).
	5	Propelled seagoing merchant vessels of 100 GT and above, on 1 January. Source: Clarksons Research (https://www.clarksons.com/services/research/).
	6	Propelled seagoing merchant vessels of 1000 GT and above, on 1 January. Source: Clarksons Research (https://www.clarksons.com/services/research/).
	7	UNCTAD Secretariat, derived from various sources including Dynamar B.V. Publications, terminal operators and port authorities.
	8	Refers to year 2021. Source: BIMCO-ICS Manpower Report 2015 and BIMCO-ICS Seafarer Workforce Report, 2021 edition.
	9	UNCTAD Secretariat, based on data provided by MarineTraffic (http://marinetraffic.com). Ships of 1000 GT and above.
	10	Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, 2009 (BPM6, 2009).
	11	UNCTAD Secretariat, generated from data provided by MDS Transmodal (https://www.mdst.co.uk).
	m	Estimated by BIMCO/ICS based on estimates of seafarer demand.
	p	Estimated. Data refers to 2020.


	Symbols for missing values:
	0	Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
	..	No value reported or collected
	_	Not applicable
	...	Not available, including no quotation
	#	Non-relevant calculation
	-	Not publishable
	***	Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals

Abbreviations & acronyms:

DWT:

Dead weight tons

LNG:

Liquefied natural gas

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

GDP:

Gross domestic product

GT:

Gross tons

TEU:

Twenty foot equivalent unit

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Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.
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Generation date: 15 April 2025