Maritime profile: Spain

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2023

Population

GDP

Merchandise trade¹

47.912 Millions

1 603 220 Millions current US$

893 557 Millions current US$

Land area²

GDP growth

Transport services trade³

(p) 499 557 Km²

3.93 %

295 366 Millions current US$

MARITIME KEY FIGURES FOR 2023

Coast/area ratio²

Ship building⁴

Ship recycling⁴

14.5 m/km²

22 829 GT

1 411 GT

Fleet - National flag⁵

Fleet - Ownership⁶

1 901 Thousands DWT

501 ships

4 530 Thousands DWT

Number of port calls⁹

Container port throughput⁷

Number of seafarers⁸

17 161 676 TEU

(k) 24 487

142 103

WORLD SHARES FOR 2023

INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE

+1.9 %

Merchandise exports growth rate in 2023

Total merchandise trade

(millions of US$)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Merchandise exports

192 644

254 418

282 274

423 228

Merchandise imports

288 786

327 016

311 851

470 329

Merchandise trade balance

-96 141

-72 598

-29 578

-47 101

Export structure by product group in 2023

(as % of total exports)

Top 5 partners in 2023

(exports, millions of US$)

INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN TRANSPORT SERVICES

+7.2 %

Transport services exports growth rate in 2023

Services exports by main category¹⁰

(as % of total services)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Transport

11.5

11.4

Travel

56.0

51.4

46.5

Other services

(e) 34.0

(e) 37.9

Total trade in transport services¹⁰

(millions of US$)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Transport services exports

13 941

22 576

Transport services imports

10 144

15 584

Transport services trade balance

3 797

6 991

NATIONAL FLEET

-0.1 %

Fleet growth rate in 2023

Carrying capacity by type of ship⁵

(Thousands DWT)

2005

2010

2015

2023

Total fleet

2 655.0

2 554.7

1 857.1

1 900.6

Oil tankers

962.0

1 035.7

449.3

102.7

Bulk carriers

215.0

34.9

10.9

General cargo

338.0

207.6

178.1

141.6

Container ships

231.0

164.9

7.9

0.0

Other types of ships

909.0

1 111.7

1 210.9

1 645.4

Fleet by type of ship⁵

(Number of ships)

LINER SHIPPING CONNECTIVITY

Bilateral connectivity index - Top 10 partners in Q1 2006¹¹

Can only take values between 0 (minimum) and 1 (maximum)

Liner shipping connectivity index¹¹

Average Q1 2023=100

PORT CALLS AND PERFORMANCE

Port calls, time spent in ports, vessel age and size in 2023⁹

Number of arrivals

Median time
in port (days)

Avg age
of vessels

Avg size (GT)
of vessels

Avg cargo
carrying
capacity (DWT)
per vessel

Avg container
carrying
capacity (TEU)
per container ship

Maximum size (GT) of vessels

All ships

142 103

0.86

17 569

16 489

3 194

237 000

Liquid bulk carriers

16 495

0.86

11 632

19 147

163 209

Liquefied petroleum gas carriers

1 284

1.06

7 380

8 316

57 494

Liquefied natural gas carriers

481

1.05

95 463

74 098

141 671

Dry bulk carriers

3 814

2.04

24 934

42 981

107 567

Dry breakbulk carriers

11 215

1.27

5 325

7 469

66 870

Roll-on/ roll-off ships

8 222

26 277

9 079

89 797

Container ships

15 707

0.60

34 894

3 194

237 000

Passenger ships

84 885

15 672

232 000

Port liner shipping connectivity index - Top 5 ports in 2023¹¹

Average Q1 2023=100

Source: Detailed data sources are available in the documentation of the corresponding tables in the Data Center (https://unctadstat.unctad.org/datacentre/). A link to these tables is provided in each section of the profile.


	Notes:
	1	Sum of exports and imports.
	2	Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters. Coastline length based on data calculated in 2000 from the World Vector Shoreline database at 1:250,000 scale.
	3	Sum of exports and imports. Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, 2009 (BPM6, 2009).
	4	Propelled seagoing merchant vessels of 100 GT and above. Source: Clarksons Research (https://www.clarksons.com/services/research/).
	5	Propelled seagoing merchant vessels of 100 GT and above, on 1 January. Source: Clarksons Research (https://www.clarksons.com/services/research/).
	6	Propelled seagoing merchant vessels of 1000 GT and above, on 1 January. Source: Clarksons Research (https://www.clarksons.com/services/research/).
	7	UNCTAD Secretariat, derived from various sources including Dynamar B.V. Publications, terminal operators and port authorities. Refers to year 2022.
	8	Refers to year 2021. Source: BIMCO-ICS Manpower Report 2015 and BIMCO-ICS Seafarer Workforce Report, 2021 edition.
	9	UNCTAD Secretariat, based on data provided by MarineTraffic (http://marinetraffic.com). Ships of 1000 GT and above.
	10	Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, 2009 (BPM6, 2009).
	11	UNCTAD Secretariat, generated from data provided by MDS Transmodal (https://www.mdst.co.uk).
	e	Estimated.
	k	BIMCO/ICS uses 2018 data from European Maritime Safety Agency.
	p	Estimated. Data refers to 2020.


	Symbols for missing values:
	0	Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
	..	No value reported or collected
	_	Not applicable
	...	Not available, including no quotation
	#	Non-relevant calculation
	-	Not publishable
	***	Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals

Abbreviations & acronyms:

DWT:

Dead weight tons

LNG:

Liquefied natural gas

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

GDP:

Gross domestic product

GT:

Gross tons

TEU:

Twenty foot equivalent unit

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Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.
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Generation date: 11 October 2024