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General profile: Poland

GENERAL INFORMATION FOR 2024
Exchange rate
Population
Population
Exchange rates
GDP
GDP
38.539 Millions
3.981 PLN/US$
909 008 Millions current US$
Land area¹
Land area
CPI growth (%)
CPI growth
GDP growth
GDP growth
(u) 306 130 km²
..
2.90 %
INTERNATIONAL MERCHANDISE TRADE
More data on UNCTADstat
-0.4 %
Merchandise exports growth rate in 2024
Total merchandise trade
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Merchandise exports
89 437
159 724
199 124
380 064
Merchandise imports
101 639
178 049
196 473
379 314
Merchandise trade balance
-12 201
-18 325
2 651
750
Export structure by product group in 2024
(as % of total exports)
7 %7 %78 %78 %15 %15 %
Top 5 partners in 2024
(exports, millions of US$)
102 92923 19023 13120 07817 552102 92923 19023 13120 07817 552
INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Total trade in services²
(millions of US$)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Services exports
18 149
34 853
44 312
118 729
Services imports
(e) 14 946
29 747
32 058
75 205
Services trade balance
(e) 3 203
5 106
12 253
43 523
Services exports by main category²
(as % of total services)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Transport
29.5
23.8
25.6
27.0
Travel
34.7
27.2
23.2
12.0
Other services
25.8
41.9
40.7
52.2
TRADE INDICES
More data on UNCTADstat
125126123124116115111108103100948882827972777367100100959799979698991009910099102105108106109109
ECONOMIC TRENDS
More data on UNCTADstat
+2.9 %
Gross domestic product growth rate in 2024
Economic indicators
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2024
GDP, current
307 000
478 112
480 054
909 008
GDP per capita, current US$
8 053
12 550
12 545
23 587
Real GDP growth, y-on-y, %
3.26
3.17
4.43
2.90
Current account balance, % of GDP
-3.30
-5.17
-1.33
-0.04
Exchange rate (/US$)
3.235
3.015
3.770
3.981
GDP by expenditure in 2023
(as % of total GDP)
57.719.017.558.152.457.719.017.558.152.4
FDI AND EXTERNAL FINANCIAL RESOURCES
More data on UNCTADstat
+0.2 %
FDI outflows as % of GDP in 2024
Financial flows
(millions of US$ unless otherwise specified)
2005
2010
2015
2024
FDI inflows
8 203.22
13 874.44
15 900.94
12 740.08
FDI outflows
1 346.74
7 226.54
5 083.78
2 166.05
Personal remittances, % of GDP
2.37
1.61
1.42
0.96
Financial flows trends
(millions of US$)
8 688.08 541.07 564.07 929.07 438.07 515.07 603.07 305.06 763.06 835.07 468.07 457.07 041.07 768.07 712.010 214.012 321.011 975.09 563.07 283.012 74028 36235 14430 66115 77915 34317 26610 72116 43715 90116 4043 9995 51720 69413 87410 03912 28319 83614 5778 20312 1403 9824 0305 5799 445FDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsFDI Inwards flowsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receiptsMigrant's remittances receipts
TRADE IN GOODS AND SERVICES
More data on UNCTADstat
Trade balance indicators²
(as % and index)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Balance, % of GDP
(e) -1.26
-2.44
2.07
4.03
Balance, % of imports
(e) -3.52
-5.77
4.59
8.29
Normalized balance
(e) -0.018
-0.030
0.022
0.040
Trade openness²
(sum of imports and exports as % of GDP)
10111112311199102102101979292908987827581817870
LIVING AREA
Population by living area in 2024
(% of population)
Urban 60%Urban 60%Rural 40%Rural 40%
OTHER INDICATORS
More data on UNCTADstat
0.004 %
Share of the total world merchant fleet in 2024
Maritime transport indicators
 
2005
2010
2015
2024
Merchant fleet, national flag (thousands of DWT)
101
131
117
104
Container port throughput (TEU)
..
1 050 345
1 860 908
..
Information economy indicators
(as % of)
2005
2010
2015
2024
Share of ICT goods, % of total exports
4.01
9.52
7.90
5.66
Share of ICT goods, % of total imports
8.02
9.64
9.42
7.89
Share of workforce involved in the ICT sector
..
(h) 1.71
2.14
..
Source: UNCTADstat (http://unctadstat.unctad.org)
Notes:
1
Land area refers to the total area of a country excluding area under inland water bodies. It differs from the country area, that includes area under inland water bodies, but excludes offshore territorial waters.
2
Statistics presented correspond to the 6th edition of the IMF Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (BPM6, 2009).
e
Estimated.
h
Break.
u
Estimated. Data refers to 2020.
Symbols for missing values:
0
Zero means that the amount is nil or negligible
..
No value reported or collected
_
Not applicable
...
Not available, including no quotation
#
Non-relevant calculation
-
Not publishable
***
Negative accumulation of flows; Value included in regional and global totals
Abbreviations & acronyms:
DWT:
Dead weight tons
FDI:
Foreign direct investment
GDP:
Gross domestic product
ICT:
Information and communication technology
TEU:
Twenty foot equivalent unit
US$:
United States dollar
Disclaimer:
The designations employed and the presentation of the material on UNCTADstat do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Where the designations "economy" or "country or area" appear in texts or tables, they cover regions, countries, territories, cities or areas.

UNCTAD strives for the highest level of accuracy and is committed to promptly correcting any errors on its part. It does not guarantee or make any express or implied representations regarding the accuracy, reliability, correctness, fitness for use for a particular purpose, or otherwise, whatsoever, of any of the tables in UNCTADstat.
Generation date: 02 December 2025